The importance of embodied AI in the realm of global technological progress is immense. A thorough examination of the supply chain emphasizes the crucial role played by the Greater Bay Area in China, particularly centered around Shenzhen, in advancing embodied AI technologies. This dominance highlights the region’s significant contribution to China’s competitive edge in this domain.
Embodied AI systems are composed of two main components: the cognitive “brain,” which is powered by Artificial foundation models and cloud computing platforms, and the physical “body,” which includes electronics and computing elements.
Critical components within the embodied AI supply chain include 3D vision sensors, force sensors for accurate force estimation in robotic tasks, and microscopic-drive systems that enable precise movements and controls.
Moreover, precision force control systems, robot joint modules for articulation, and Artificial foundation models providing extensive insights into language, tasks, and the environment play integral roles. Specialized AI chips, robot control chips for microprocessor management, and cloud computing platforms for AI model training are also essential components.
An evaluation of the global distribution of the embodied AI supply chain reveals key suppliers from the US, Europe, Japan, and China across various categories. China leads with a 38 percent market share, followed by the US, Europe, and Japan with 26 percent, 24 percent, and 12 percent, respectively.
China demonstrates strength in sectors like 3D vision sensors and robot joint modules due to cost-effectiveness, although it trails the US in crucial areas such as AI foundation models and AI chips.
Significantly, the Greater Bay Area contributes over 55 percent to China’s embodied AI supply chain, establishing itself as a major player on the global stage. This region, encompassing key cities like Shenzhen, Hong Kong, and Guangzhou, has emerged as a hub for manufacturing and technological innovation, nurturing the growth of tech giants such as Huawei Technologies, BYD, Tencent, and DJI.
Despite progress, China encounters challenges in the robotic AI chips sector and lags behind global leaders in AI foundation models. To fortify its position, China must focus on enhancing embodied AI development in the Greater Bay Area and increasing investments in AI foundation models and chips.
In conclusion, the shift towards embodied AI represents a significant transformation in societal dynamics towards the autonomy economy. The Greater Bay Area, with its resilient supply chain and technological innovators, is poised to spearhead this revolution, shaping the future of advanced AI technologies.
Dr. Shaoshan Liu is associated with the ACM US Technology Policy Committee and the US National Academy of Public Administration’s Technology Leadership Panel Advisory Group. Dr. Ding Ning serves as the managing dean of the Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS).
